【www.rzshzz.com--英语教案】
I. Vocabulary and Structure 1．Some states have an income tax similar to ______of the federal government. 参考答案为:A
A．that
B．those
C．this
D．these
[解析]that在这里指代的是income tax，这句话的意思是：有些州有一个和联邦政府一样的销售税。
2．In most large companies management is directly ______in planning the advertising. 参考答案为:C
A．designed
B．applied
C．involved
D．identified
[解析]本题的考点是词组：be involved in参与。这句话的意思是：在一些大公司，管理者直接参与广告的策划。
3．The ants, hardworking ______ they are, have their time for play. 参考答案为:B
A．if
B．as
C．since
D．though
[解析]本题的考点是：as引导的让步状语从句要倒装。这句话的语序应该是：Hardworking as they are, the ants have their time for play. “hardworking”是形容词作表语，在as 引导的让步状语从句中提前。这句话的意思是：尽管蚂蚁很努力，他们还是有时间玩。
4．Now, the modern family , ______ both the father and the mother are equal partners, is more common. 参考答案为:A
A．in which
B．from whom
C．to which
D．with whom
[解析]本题的考点是介词+which的定语从句。这句话的意思是：现在，在现代家庭里父亲和母亲是平等的伴侣，这种家庭更普遍。
5． ______ the examination ，I would have gone to the football match last night. 参考答案为:A
A．But for
B．In spite of
C．Because of
D．Provided that
[解析]本题的考点是：虚拟语气，but for 表示“要不是”的意思，后面句子的谓语动词用虚拟语气would have gone表示与过去事实相反的假设，本句的意思是：要不是考试，昨晚我就去看足球比赛了。
6． ______ the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us. 参考答案为:A
A．That
B．What
C．When
D．As
[解析]本题的考点是：That引导的主语从句，注意that引导的主语从句在句中只起到连接作用，没有意义，也不做任何成分。
7．By the time the tour ends , the football team_______ twenty matches in four countries. 参考答案为:C
A．will play
B．will be playing
C．will have played
D．will have been playing
[解析]本题的考点是：将来完成时，将来完成时表示将来的某个时间已经完成的动作。by the time 后面的句子中，主句的谓语动词一般用完成时，这个句子的意思是：等到巡回比赛结束的时候，这支足球队已经在四个国家打了20场比赛了。
8．She is rather nervous before she goes on the ______ to face the audience. 参考答案为:C
A．stack
B．stock
C．stage
D．style
[解析]本题是词义辨析题，stage阶段，舞台；stack 一叠，一堆；stock 备料，库存；style 形式，风格 ， 因此根据上下文选stage ，这句话的意思是：她在登上舞台面对观众之前更紧张。
9．He had the _______ over other boys of having had very good preschool education. 参考答案为:B
A．ability
B．advantage
C．aggression
D．alternative
[解析]本题是词义辨析题，advantage优势，长处，“比…..有优势”经常用“advantage over sb.”； ability 能力 ； aggression 侵犯，侵略；alternative两者选择其一的，供选择的东西；这句话的意思是：他比其他的孩子有优势，他有非常好的学前教育。
10．You may look ______ the number in the telephone book before you dial. 参考答案为:A
A．up
B．at
C．into
D．down
[解析]本题主要考查词组搭配：look up 查阅，向上看；look at 看；look into 向里看；look down 向下看 本题的意思是：在你打电话之前，你可以在电话号码簿里查阅号码。
Ⅱ.Cloze Test
George Washington Carver and Thomas Alva Edison were American scientists 11 were born during the nineteenth century. Carver, who was black, was born 12 Missouri in 1864. Although his parents were slaves, he was able to get a college 13. After he graduated from Iowa State College, he developed 14 important new methods of farming. He also discovered many new uses for farm products. His discoveries included 300 uses for peanuts and 200 15 for sweet potatoes.
Edison, who was born in Ohio in 1847, was not a good student when 16 was a young boy, so his parents took him out 17 school and his mother educated him at home. Although he hated school, he 18 science. He was very 19 about everything around him .Later he became a great scientist. His 6,000 20 included the electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the mimeograph machine.
11．A．they
B．he
C．who
D．which
答案：C
[解析]本题的考点是：who 引导的定语从句修饰先行词scientists。
12．A．in
B．on
C．at
D．by
答案：A
［解析］本题的考点是：介词搭配，in表地点，一般用在较大的地点前，Missouri是一个州的名称，因此用in。
13．A．education
B．study
C．learning
D．educate
答案：A
［解析］college education 大学教育。
14．A．much
B．many
C．few
D．little
答案：B
［解析］本题考词语辨析，much 许多，修饰不可数名词；many 许多，修饰可数名词；few几乎很少的意思，修饰可数名词，表示否定；little几乎很少，修饰不可数名词，表示否定的意思。因此根据上下文选择B。
15．A．usage
B．usages
C．use
D．uses
答案：D
［解析］根据上下文，前面提到了“He also discovered many new uses for farm products.”这个句子用的是new uses,因此本题应该选D。
16．A．she
B．they
C．he
D．that
答案：C
［解析］根据上下文来选。
17．A．of
B．from
C．off
D．a
答案：A
［解析］本题的考点是词组搭配：take ….out of ….. 。
18．A．learned
B．studied
C．loves
D．loved
答案：D
［解析］本题要根据上下文来选，Although 表示让步的关系，意思是尽管，因此前面句子中有hated那么后面句子中的词就应该是hate的反义词，并且这个句子是过去时，所以应该填loved。
19．A．curious
B．interested
C．cared
D．interesting
答案：A
［解析］本题是词义辨析题，be curious about 对…. 好奇；interested一般和介词in 搭配， be interested in 对…很感兴趣；care虽然可以和about 搭配表示“照顾、照料”，可是这个句子中有系动词were, were cared about 是被动的形式因此不对，interesting 是形容词“有趣的，有意思的”，后面不接介词，因此选A。
20．A．inventions
B．invention
C．contributions
D．contribution
答案：A
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension
Thousands of years before Columbus came to the New World, the American Indian entered North America by crossing a narrow strip of land that once connected Alaska and Siberia．The migrants entered a new world in which there were no people at all. But there were many animals to hunt, and there were forests where nuts, roots, and berries could be gathered.
When the Europeans came to the New World, the Indians, at first, taught the settlers how to plant corn, make canoes, and smoke tobacco. In return the whites introduced horses, guns, gun-powder, alcohol and – and smallpox. But at last, there were struggles for land, and struggles could have only one result war. When the wars were over, all Indians were moved to large tracts of land called reservations. Now, some of them, embittered by past mistreatment, are determined to preserve their tribal life: some wish to modernize the reservations. These alternatives, with many variations, are what most Indians have chosen – a future in modern technology and – education, or the rival of ancient tradition and treaties.
21．Which of the following is not true about the American Indians?
A．They had come to the New World thousands of years ago before Columbus discovered the New World.
B．They arrived in North America by crossing the sea.
C．They were good at planting corn.
D．They were forefathers of an Asian people.
答案：B
[解析]问“关于美国印第安人下面那个陈述不对？” A “他们在哥伦布发现美洲之前就到了美洲，” 文中第一段第一句言明此意，故为真。B “他们由海路来到美洲。” 文中第一句讲到是由当时连接阿拉斯加和西伯利亚的陆地。故 B不真，为正确答案。 C “他们善于种植玉米。”文中第二段第一句言明此意。 D “他们是亚洲人的祖先。” 文中第一段第一句讲他们是从西伯利亚来的，故为真。
22．Which of the following is true about the Europeans who came to the New World?
A．They taught the Indians how to make canoes.
B．They were on good terms with the Indians at first.
C．They fought with the Indians for their religious faith.
D．They were forced to move to the large tracts of land.
答案：B
［解析］问“关于到美洲来的欧洲人下面哪个陈述为真？”A“他们教印第安人制造独木舟”，文中第二段第一句讲是印第安人教他们，故不真。B“起初，他们和印第安人保持较好的关系。”从文中第二段第一、儿句看，既然他们与印第安人相互学习，关系理当不错。故为真，显然是正确答案。C“他们为宗教信仰与印第安人作战。”第二段第三句讲是为土地而战，故不真。D“他们被迫移居到有大片土地的地区。”文中第二段第四句可知是印第安人而不是他们，故不真。
23．Which of the following is the main reason which led to the wars between the settlers and Indians?
A．Both of them wanted to remain and got more land.
B．Both of them wanted to move to large tracts of land called reservation.
C．Both of them wanted to control the other.
D．Both of them disliked each other.
答案：A
［解析］问“下面哪个是引起移民与印第安人之间战争的主要原因？”关键句第二段第三句的大意是：但后来，因为土地发生争端，争端的结果只有一个即战争。故A是正确答案，即双方都想拥有更多的土地，并把对方赶走。B“双方都想移居大片被称为保留地的地区。”实际上这是后来印第安人被迫移居的地区，故不真。C“双方都想控制对方。”文中并未提到。D“双方互相厌恶。”文中也未提到。
24．What can be inferred from the passage about the results of the wars between the settlers and the Indians?
A．The whites were defeated and lost all of their land.
B．The whites won the war and moved to the other land.
C．The Indians were defeated and moved to other land.
D．Neither of them won the wars in the end.
答案：C
［解析］问“有关战争的结局，从文中可以推出……”关键句在第二段第四、五句。大意是当战争结束时，所有印第安人被迫移居到称之为保留地的地区。“现在一些印第安人，仍然对过去受到的虐待怨恨不已。”故可推知，C“印第安人战败了，被迫移居其它地区。”是正确答案。A“白人失败了，失去了他们的土地。”显然不对。B“白人胜利了，并移居其它地区。”白人胜利了是事实，但是印第安人移居到其它地区，而不是白人，故不对。D“双方谁也没有获胜。”根据文章显然不对。
25．According to the passage, some Indians today insist on living their tribal life partly because ____?
A．they are willing to do so
B．they have to do so
C．they have not declared what they will do yet
D．they cannot forget about being mistreated by the whites in the past.
答案：D
Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension
For the person keeping a journal, whatever he experiences and wants to hold he can write down. But to get it down on paper begins another adventure. For he has to focus on what he has experienced, and to be able to say what, in fact,the experience is. What of it is new? What of it is remarkable because of associations in the memory it stirs up? It is a good or bad thing to have happened? And why, specially? The questions multiply themselves quietly. As one tries to find the words that best represent this discovery, the experience becomes even clearer in its shape and meaning.
Beyond the value of the journal as record, there is the value of the discipline it teaches. The journalist begins to pay closer attention to what happened to and round himself. He develops and sharpens his skills of observation. He learns the usefulness of languages as a means of representing what he sees, and again skill and certainty in the expressions of his experiences/ to have given up one’s experience to words is to have begun marking out the limits and potential of its meaning. In the journal that meaning is developed and clarified to oneself. When the intention of the development of that meaning is the consideration of another reader,the method of the journal redirects itself and it becomes the essay.
26．What does the word ‘journal’ in the 1st sentence mean?
A．diary
B．Periodical
C．magazine
D. essay
答案：A
［解析］问“文章中第一句里的Journal一词意思为… …”本文journal的意思为“日记”。在文章中第一句看到keeping a journal，keep此处不能和其它选项中的词搭配。另从文章中得出写journal的人要记述自己的经历以及对所经历的事件的反思，这和写其它体裁的目的方式也有不同，所以A为正确答案。B“期刊”。C“杂志”。D“文章”
27．When keeping a journal, the person should________?
A．have experienced some adventures
B．have made a scientific discovery
C．keep an authentic record of what he sees
D．write down what his experience is and what impresses him
答案：D
［解析］问“作者认为当一个人写日记时，他……？”解答在第一段，所以D “应该写对经历过的事情的感受。”是正确答案。 A “应该经历的冒险”，B“应该有一个科学的发现”， C“应该真实记载发生在他身上的事”均不符合题意。
28． What does the word ‘it’in sentence 4 refer to?
A．journal
B．paper
C．adventure
D．experience
答案：D
［解析］问“第四句里的it 指代什么？”在此处it指代experience。
29．Which of the following statements is not mentioned about keeping a journal?
A．Keeping a journal can develop and sharpens one’s skills of observation
B．Keeping a journal can develop one’s memory
C．Keeping a journal can help one realize the usefulness of languages as a means of representing what one sees
D．Keeping a journal can help one gain skills and certainty in expression of his experience
答案：B
［解析］问“关于日记下面哪个陈述文中未提到？”答案在第二段，整篇文章没有提到“写日记能促进记忆”，所以B为本题答案。
30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Relationship between a Journal and an Essay
B．How to Keep a Journal
C．The Value of Keeping a Journal
D．Technique in Keeping a Journal
答案：C
Ⅴ．Reading Comprehension
The northern and southern polar regions are different in many ways. The most important difference concerns the distribution of land and water. The northern Arctic(北极)regions are ice-covered sea, almost completely surrounded by land. The pole itself is in deep water. In the south, Antarctic(南极)is a huge continent which is surrounded by a great ocean. Because of this basic difference other differences occur. The Arctic has a varied climate, while the Antarctic climate varies little; the Arctic has much plant life, but the Antarctic is an empty desert. And whereas the Arctic has been exploited economically for centuries, trade has never really touched Antarctic.
Interest in the Arctic began when America was discovered, and explorers tried to find a western sea route to India and China．In their search to find the “North-West Passage” the main problem facing the explorers was how to avoid the ice. One explorer, Nansen, found a unique answer to this problem. He intentionally became struck in the ice and traveled with it across the Arctic Ocean! But although many explorers tried, it was not until 1903 that the Arctic polar region was crossed by seA．Antarctic exploration begins with Ptolemy. He believed that all the oceans were surrounded by land. And that therefore there was huge continent somewhere in the south. His idea led to centuries of search, and again trade played its part. The real discoverers of Antarctic were the hunters who traveled far, south to catch seals.
One reason for the present interest in both polar regions is that the world may soon be short of fresh water. In fact, over 85% of the earth’s entire fresh water is found in the polar ice. If we could find a way of carrying this ice to other parts of the world, this would solve all our fresh water problems.
31．Trade, according to the passage, has never really touched Antarctic because Antarctic is ______.
A．a land surrounded by a great ocean
B．an empty desert and has no plant life
C．not open to public
D．different from the Arctic
答案：A
［解析］本题是细节判断题，细节判断题主要考查学生对长难句字面意思的理解。做题的关键是信息定位——能快速准确地在原文中找到问题的出处。具体做法是在浏览全文时，将标志主要事实或细节的标志词（如表因果关系）做记号，以便看完后能快速找到自己所需的信息。此题正是因果关系的细节题。信息定位在第一段的because of this basic difference other differences occur这句话的前后几句.这句话里的 “this”指的是上两句话中两地区之间地理位置的不同。 故选A。
32．Who first found Antarctic?
A．Some seal hunters
B．Some early explorers
C．Nansen
D．Ptolemy
答案：A
［解析］本题是细节判断题，信息定位在第二段的最后一行“The real discoverers of Antarctic were the hunters who traveled far south to catch seals. 故选A。
33．The Arctic polar was crossed ______.
A．by ice
B．by water
C．by land
D．through the North-West Passage
答案：B
［解析］本题是细节判断题，信息定位在第二段的第五行里边“But although many explorers tried, it was not until 1903 that the Arctic polar region was crossed by sea.” By sea means by water. 故选B。
34．In the middle of the second paragraph the word “intentionally” means ______.
A．purposely
B．dangerously
C．carefully
D．carelessly
答案：A
［解析］本题是语义题，语义题主要测试学生利用上下文判断词语在具体语言环境中确切含义的能力。做题的关键是对上下文的正确理解。语义题的测试包括熟词生义和生词，难词两种题型。猜测生词可根据构词法。此题属于生词。我们可根据构词法来猜。Intend是动词，表示打算或计划要做的事,-tion 又是名词的后缀，因此，可以推出intention有“目的”和“故意”的意思。-ly又是副词的后缀，因此这个词的意思就是“故意地”和“有目的地”。故选A。
35.The passage supports which of the following conclusions?
A．The Arctic will be more favorably explored than Antarctic
B．The world will soon suffer from fresh water shortage
C．The Arctic and Antarctic are promising for future fresh water supply
D．It is not difficult to carry ice from the Arctic and Antarctic to other parts of the world
答案：C
Ⅴ．Reading Comprehension
36．经理人，管理人 n. m______
答案：manager
37. 简短的，简洁的 a．b________
答案：brief
38．姿势，手势 n. g______
答案：gesture
39. 消遣，娱乐 n. r______
答案：recreation
40. 维持，保持；维修 v. m______
答案：maintain
41．出现，涌现 v. e______
答案：emerge
42. 坚持的，一贯的 a．c______
答案：consistent
43.统治，支配 v. d______
答案：dominate
44. 精确的，准确的 a．p______
答案：precise
45. 分配，指派 v. a______
答案：assign
46. 消化 v. d______
答案：digest
47. 热心的；急切的 a．e______
答案：eager
48. 包括，容纳 v. c_______
答案：contain
49. 数字，人物 n.f______
答案：figure
50. 一般地，大体上 ad. g______
答案：generally
51．抗议，反对 v. p______
答案：protest
52.气候 n. c______
答案：climate
53. 供应；装备 v. f______
答案：furnish
54. 平均的 a．a______
答案：average
55. 水流，气流，电流 n. c______
答案：current
Ⅵ．Reading Comprehension
56．The population ________ (increase) at an alarming speed for the past 20 years.
答案：has increased
［解析］本题考点：现在完成时，关键词：for the past 20 years在过去的20年里，句子中有for the past ….years这个搭配时，谓语动词一般都用现在完成时，其它类似的词有：over the past ….years; in the past ….. years;over the last ….years等等。
57．The patient _______ (complain) of a pain in his stomach since noon.
答案：has been complaining
［解析］本题考点：现在完成进行时，表示动作以前发生但持续一段时间，一直持续到现在有可能还要持续下去，判断的关键：since noon 。 这句话的意思是：这个病人从中午就一直抱怨胃痛。
58．We did nothing but _______(play) bridge the whole day.
答案：play
［解析］考点：but后面接省略to的动词不定式，因为but 前面的谓语动词是do, 所以but后面是play。这句话的意思是“除了整天打桥牌我没什么可做的。”如果but 前面的动词不是do 的各种形式，那么but后面就要加to，例如：I have no choice but to play bridge the whole day. 除了整天打桥牌，我别无选择。
59．________ ( tell) us what to do , he left.
答案：Having told
［解析］本题考点：现在分词完成式做时间状语，表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。这句话的意思是：告诉我们做什么之后，他就离开了。
60．I couldn’t help _______ ( think ) of our college life.
答案：thinking
［解析］本题考点：固定搭配：can not help doing ….禁不住做…..这句话的意思是：我禁不住想起了我们的大学生活。
61．Do you feel like _______(walk) there or shall we take a bus?
答案：walking
［解析］本题考点是固定搭配feel like doing sth. 想做…..这句话的意思是：你想走着去那还是坐公共汽车？
62．The chairman proposed the meeting ________(postpone)
答案：be postponed
［解析］本题考点是propose后面的从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形的形式，should 可以省略掉。“be postponed”是被动形式。这个句子的意思是：主席建议推迟这个会议（会议被推迟）。
63．Worry is one of the _______(common) forms of emotional distress in our culture.
答案：most common
［解析］本题的考点：形容词的最高级，common 是形容词，一般情况下word form这种题型中出现形容词的话，一般都是填形容词的比较级或最高级，比较级一般在句子中有than，因此这个句子用最高级，这句话的意思是：忧虑是我们文化中精神苦恼的最常见的一种形式。
64．The most recent figures show that the area of rainforest _______(destroy) last year alone was bigger than the size of Great Britain and Ireland.
答案：destroyed
［解析］本题的考点：过去分词做定语修饰rainforest，这句话的意思是：最近的数字表明，仅去年一年热带雨林被毁的面积已经大于大不列颠和爱尔兰两国的面积总和。
65．The _______(emphasize) on treatment is clearly associated with the technological advances.
答案：emphasis
Ⅶ. Translation from Chinese into English
66．美国的生存依赖于找到新能源的能力。
答案：The survival of the United States depends on the ability to find new sources of energy.
[解析]这句话翻译的关键是“依赖”，用英语表达可以用depend on , 或rest on/ upon , 另外要注意ability 后面经常用动词不定式做定语。
67．我真希望像你一样年轻。
答案：I wish I were as young as you.
[解析]这个句子的得分点是wish 后面的谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式，表示现在不能实现的愿望，谓语动词用过去时。另一个得分点是：as + 形容词的原级+ as ，因此“像你一样年轻” 可以翻译成“as young as you”。
68．任何政府都不应干涉别国内政。
答案：No government should interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.
[解析]本句的得分点是谓语动词“干涉”的翻译 ，我们可以用“interfere in”这个词组来表达。
69．你们班里有多少同学的父母在政府机关工作？
答案：How many students are there in your class whose parents serve in the government agencies ?
[解析]本题的得分点是定语从句的翻译。
70．正是这些节食者想要快速减肥。
答案：It is the dieters who want to lose weight fast.
Ⅷ. Translation from English into Chinese
There is limit to what you can do and how well you can do it in a given time. Because of this limit, you must establish priorities. In other words, you must rank your values and goals. What goals and values are most important to you?For example,if your goal is to continue your education after high school , you must set aside any activities that interfere with that goal. You will select your courses and manage your time so you meet the entrance requirements. You may have to drop an extracurricular(课外) activity so that you can take a part-time job to earn money for your tuition(学费).
答：在给定的时间里你能做什么以及做到什么程度是有限度的。因为有这样的限制，你必须确定先后次序。换句话说，你必须把价值取向和目标进行排列，分清哪些价值和目标对你是最重要的。例如，你高中毕业后的目标如果是继续求学，那就必须放弃干扰该目标的其他活动。你要选修一些课程然后安排时间准备这些课程的入门考试。你可能不得不放弃一些课外活动，以便能课余打工挣钱交学费。